Performing "oil processing technology with tissue peeling machine equipment"

On the morning of 28/04/2009, Binh Thuan Industrial Promotion Center in collaboration with Union of Scientific and Technical Binh Thuan Province Demonstration Workshop "Engineering of oil processing equipment machine silk peel "by Mold Co. Vietnamese production was performed at private Hoang Phu, Bac fields, district Tanh Linh, Binh Thuan province.

concert was attended by representatives of the Department of Trade and Industry, Department of Science & Technology, Department of Agriculture and Rural Development, Binh Thuan, head of Industry and Trade Tanh Linh District 05 oil processing enterprises in the province Binh Thuan.

The purpose of the show is popular for oil processing enterprises in the province have the opportunity to learn and expand investment model application devices shelling cashew nut silk, to improve technology and equipment to improve product quality, reduce costs and increase the competitive advantage of the products of Binh Thuan province.

Results show that, peeled devices silk oil has superior characteristics in cashew processing than do it manually as follows:

- Production capacity: 1 ton of product / shift (8 hours), meet the time factor in business;

- Uses less labor: In the same time, when using machine just use an additional 30 employees will produce 1 ton of product, while using manual labor to take up to 200 employees;

- Reduced production costs: Funds for silk peeled 1 ton of product by only about 1.7 million, while the use of manual labor up to VND 4,500,000.

capital equipment investment of 340 million dong model. In particular, the funding recommendations of Binh Thuan province in 2009 to support this model is 100,000,000.

Bio-resins derived from cashew nutshell oil

Enrico Ferri, CEO of Composite Technical Services (CTS), explains why cashew nutshell oil-derived bio-resins can help increase the green attributes of composites while also enhancing their performance.

From green building materials, to the introduction of the 2011 Ford Explorer, which boasts 85% renewable and recycled content, the number of companies looking for alternatives to petroleum-based products continues to grow. Until now, converting natural compounds for end uses has proved somewhat problematic due to loss of performance properties.

However, a unique family of bio-resins has emerged with the capability to allow manufacturers to use a higher content of renewable material in a wide range of applications, without compromising performance.

Renewable content

Composite Technical Services LLC (CTS), Kettering, Ohio, USA, along with its partner Cimteclab Srl, Trieste, Italy, has pioneered a line of novolac resins called Novocard™ XFN to help the composites industry develop more sustainable products. But the material’s unique chemical structure also enhances performance properties, giving customers the value-adds they need to remain competitive.

Novocard XFN resins are made from the phenol-rich oil extracted from discarded cashew nutshells. When mixed with epoxy resin and combined with glass or carbon fibre reinforcement, the high-performing bio-resin makes a composite material with greater renewable content while minimising greenhouse gases typically associated with petroleum-based resins.

Novocard is part of a larger family of bioresins CTS calls ExaPhen™. ExaPhen, which also extracts (exa) phenolic (phen) resins from cashew nutshells, offers other grades of monomers and polymers suited for use with polyurethanes, coatings and adhesives.

“The primary difference between the ExaPhen bio-resins and other products derived from natural oil sources like soy or corn is its chemical structure,” says James Weir, product manager for CTS. “The cashew nutshell’s phenolic oil has an aromatic structure or a six-member carbon ring. This ring enables shared electrons throughout the structure resulting in high rigidity and thermal stability. Because the oil from the cashew nutshell is considered a non-edible agricultural by-product, food supplies aren’t impacted. More importantly end-use products benefit from its unique properties that have already been engineered by nature."

"Our job is to specialise and create distinctive molecular configurations and identify the most suitable markets, like composite applications for instance.”

Composite applications

Novolac resins, used as an epoxy hardener, can support a range of key composite manufacturing methods such as pultrusion, infusion, resin transfer moulding and prepreg. Epoxy formulations that incorporate Novocard resin provide improved physical and manufacturing properties when compared to traditional amine-cured systems. The resin’s aromatic structure provides inherent heat and chemical resistance to composite material, delaying the spread of flames while providing resistance to aggressive environments.

“These features make Novocard especially attractive to the construction industry where the resin is being used in pultruded rebar reinforcement,” Weir says. “The use of Novocard qualifies under the Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design (LEED) category for a composite made with renewable and recycled materials and contributes toward Materials & Resource Credits (MR-6) needed for LEED certification.”

In prepreg applications for flat or multi-dimensional structures with high strength requirements the epoxy hardener can improve impact resistance by up to 150% while maintaining tensile and shear properties.

“Novocard also has excellent fibre-wetting properties,” Weir adds.

Combining the epoxy hardener with glass reinforcement creates a composite that is less brittle and more durable. In RTM, the resin is injected or drawn into a mould containing fibres from a homogeniser under low pressure. An epoxy modified with Novocard hardeners acts as a direct replacement for a vinyl ester system, which is commonly used due to its low resin viscosity and increased corrosion resistance. Lighter weight then vinyl esters, the epoxy hardener improves energy absorption while permitting green content and reducing carbon dioxide.

Life cycle analysis

To help quantify its products’ environmental footprint, CTS recently completed a life cycle analysis study on each of its Exaphen product lines. CTS products were compared to the environmental impact of soy-based and petrol-based resin systems.

Results showed the Exaphen products demonstrated gains in eutrophication (the potential for increasing the enivronment’s nitrogen content), water intake, smog, ecological toxicity and especially in the categories of fossil fuel depletion and global warming (the total amount of equivalents of carbon dioxide released into the environment) potential.

CTS conducted the life cycle analysis to determine and evaluate every environmental impact represented by the manufacture, use and disposal of its products. The resulting data can be used by manufacturers to market products incorporating an Exaphen product as environmentally sensitive and demonstrate a commitment to sustainability.

The life cycle analysis model was constructed by grouping processes into stages that included cashew agriculture, nut shelling, cashew nutshell liquid extraction, reactive distillation of the cashew nutshell oil to cardanol and processing and polymerisation.

The life cycle analysis revealed that cashew nut trees require negligible irrigation and pesticide usage when compared to traditional crops. The trees thrive in poor equatorial soils unsuited for other crops. In addition, cashew nut trees do not deplete the soil. In a one-year period a hectare (2.5 acres) of cashew trees can sequester 6.34 tonnes of carbon dioxide. These features offer benefits that can’t easily be realised by bio-based resins derived from food sources which require large amounts of land and fertiliser to grow and are subject to fluctuating food prices.

“Some research suggests that using food crops for bio-products and bio-fuel can be even more detrimental than using petroleum-based products as land-usage changes,” Weir says.

Cashews are harvested by hand because the groves are not conducive to machinery, another factor limiting negative environmental impact. Once the nuts are gathered, cashew nutshell oil is extracted with a hot oil method using mineral oil prior to shelling. This processing method leads to waste generation of empty shells which can then be re-used as fuel. In the case of the analysis, the ability of cashew trees to sequester carbon dioxide can also be applied to the cashew nutshell oil as the cashews themselves are processed for consumption and, as a result, do not contribute to a reduction in carbon dioxide sequestration in a cradle-to-gate analysis.

The life cycle study revealed significant improvement in the area of global warming potential for all CTS products when compared to petrol-based material due to the ability of cashew trees and nuts to sequester carbon dioxide. In the case of the polyol structures, also part of the Exaphen line, the usage of fossil fuel is improved over petrol-based polyols with some improvement over soy-based polyols.

CTS takes a purified grade of cashew nutshell oil and further processes it to form products like its Novocard resin. The analysis demonstrated that Novocard resin improves fossil fuel usage substantially over both soy- and petrol-based resins. The difference is due primarily to the additional petrol-based material sources required for soy-based resins.

The study included comparisons with aluminium, which is considered a lightweight, recyclable material. Analysis revealed that aluminium is energy intensive to produce and contributes to a very high fossil fuel depletion rate. The ability to replace aluminium in material applications contributes to a reduction in both global warming potential and fossil fuel usage.

Increasing green content

Statistics support manufacturers' and consumers’ expanding interest in green products.

In 1900, 41% of the materials used in the US alone were renewable, states a study by the Environmental Protection Agency. By 1995, only 6% of the materials consumed were renewable. Today the majority of materials used in the US are non-renewable, ranging from metals and minerals to fossil-fuel derived products.

According to the study, the heads of major research institutes in the US, Germany, Japan, Austria and the Netherlands note that “unless economic growth can be dramatically decoupled from resource use and waste generation, environmental pressures will increase rapidly.”

Composites are especially suited to increasing their green or renewable content in the right applications due to their strength and light weight. The cashew nut oil-derived bio-resins offer a next step in helping composites increase their green attributes. ♦

Manufacture of brake pads from cashew nut shell

Trinh Van Dung in Ho Chi Minh City University of Technology has successfully research and manufacture of brake pads from cashew nut shell oil, fuel savings and limit harm to the environment.

According to the Vietnamese standard long brake pads are made from phenol-formaldehyde (PF), amiant crizotil (30-70%) and other additives.

Brake is an important part of the brake system for road vehicles, but are damaged or need to be replaced. Plastic

from PF brake pads achieve the required high mechanical properties, but in terms of impact, reduce wear, thermal, waterproof, flexible, resistant to low temperatures. In addition, in 1986, the environmental protection agency prohibiting use asbestos crizotil to manufacture brake pads, as this is the cause of lung cancer is bad for the health and environmental impact.

From January 12-2004, Dr. Trinh Van Dung, Research Center for Petrochemical Filter-Ho Chi Minh City University of Technology, chose to perform research and technology manufacturing equipment to make pulp friction from cashew nut shell oil for manufacture of brake pads for road vehicles.
By studying the composition of cashew nut shell, the authors found that no oil mixture of natural alkyl phenol, which is reddish brown viscous liquid, slightly soluble in water, insoluble in alcohol and ether ... The chemical composition of cashew nut shell oil is cardanol, Cardol, 2-Methyl Cardol and the polymer of them, so of both phenol same nature as nature dry or oil mixture. Specializing in the production of oil, cashew dry after the spin we will processed into oil.
From these studies, Dr. Zheng Van Dung took advantage of this physical and chemical properties of the oil cashew nut shell to produce the curing resin and friction material used to make brake pads brakes. Especially authors working on the screw agitator with two horizontal reverse suitable for the manufacture of friction. This device has two functions that mix and crush the product, should avoid the adhesion of the mixture. At the same time break the outer product of solid particles makes the reaction faster and more thoroughly.
By May 4-2006, the authors have created the first prototype and has been introduced in the scientific and DOST City Council. Dr. Phan Minh Tan, deputy director of the Department comment: " This is research in the field of use of raw materials in the country should be the direction is consistent with the general trend ". 

Cashew Nuts Grow Out of Crazy Apples

The cashew apple is a delicate accessory fruit. It's considered an accessory because it grows out of tissue other than the ovary of the flower. (In case you want a deep dive on flower ovaries, Wikipedia has you covered.)

Cashew apples go by the Spanish name marañón, and they can be made into juices, jams, and even a liqueur called fenny (reportedly, fenny is good with tonic water or cola). The ripe red and yellow apples are also used in Indian cooking, and can be used to sweeten up a curry. Unfortunately, the apples are delicate, and their juice can easily stain clothing -- in many countries, the apples are fed to livestock because they're so fragile.

Nutty Toxicity

The cashew nut seed is a kidney-shaped snack surrounded by several toxic layers intended to keep animals from gobbling it up. Outside the seed is a double shell filled with anacardic acid, which causes a skin rash on contact. On the bright side, the acid has medical uses -- it's mildly antibacterial and antifungal, and it's sometimes used to relieve toothaches. The acid can also be used to fight termites. In order to make the cashew seed edible, it's typically roasted to neutralize the acid -- but roasters urge caution, because the smoke that comes off the acid is itself toxic. Prior to becoming the rich beige we're familiar with, the seed itself is green as seen above.

Purdue University explains how the cashew made its way from Brazil to other tropical climates...and how the cashew apple was the main attraction for many years (emphasis added):

The cashew is native to northeast Brazil and, in the 16th Century, Portuguese traders introduced it to Mozambique and coastal India, but only as a soil retainer to stop erosion on the coasts. It flourished and ran wild and formed extensive forests in these locations and on nearby islands, and eventually it also became dispersed in East Africa and throughout the tropical lowlands of northern South America, Central America and the West Indies. It has been more or less casually planted in all warm regions and a few fruiting specimens are found in experimental stations and private gardens in southern Florida.

The production and processing of cashew nuts are complex and difficult problems. Because of the great handicap of the toxic shell oil, Latin Americans and West Indians over the years have been most enthusiastic about the succulent cashew apple and have generally thrown the nut away or processed it crudely on a limited scale, except in Brazil, where there is a highly developed cashew nut processing industry, especially in Ceara. In Mozambique, also, the apple reigned supreme for decades. Attention then focused on the nut, but, in 1972, the industrial potential of the juice and sirup from the estimated 2 million tons of surplus cashew apples was being investigated. In India, on the other hand, vast tonnages of cashew apples have largely gone to waste while that country pioneered in the utilization and promotion of the nut.

How do cashew nut shell oil painting

The dish like tiny meat clinics, soup noodles, noodle soup, bun bo hue, or more recipes to use color to create a beautiful red color. You can do oil painting at home, ensuring safe sanitation.

Ingredients:

- Cashew red (you can buy over the counter at the dry spices map)
- Cooking Oil
- Glass cleaner.

Method:

Step 1:
- Cashew red scoop out the bowl.

Step 2:
- Heat small pot for cooking oil, your oil is very hot new red nut.
- Continue to boil at low heat to nut out all the red red.
- Then you have to look nice until the oil is red, then turn off the heat, do not boil long red cashew nuts will burn, black oil also.

Step 3:
- To oil color mixture has cooled down, remove seeds removed, for the oil mixture into a clean glass jar, cover tightly and store use. 

Cashew nut shell oil: rich potential of industries

In 1999, the Company processed food export and import of agricultural products Dong Nai (Donafoods) study the processing technology of cashew nut shell oil (wildlife). Start of production only an enterprise (company) investment with export volume 1 thousand tons / year.

According to Nguyen Thai Hoc, chairman of the Vietnam Cashew Association, current wildlife industry has grown up with its own independent position. In 2011, national wildlife production output of about 80 thousand tons, of which exports 60 thousand tons, earning about $ 50 million.

* High economic efficiency

Mr. Do Cao Nguyen, Vietnamese representative to base oil (Xuan Loc) said last time, particle production does not take into account the value of cashew nut shell as this is the post-processing waste products, usually only used as fuel. Since the wildlife industry, cashew nut shell become valuable raw materials. Therefore, the contribution of this new production not only in economic terms but also contribute to solving the problem of waste disposal. Similarly, owners of oil Nguyen Thi Nga (Xuan Loc) commented, more facilities, small businesses are more interested in producing animals for production lines and equipment to 100% domestic capital from not too heavy but high economic efficiency. In addition, the cheap labor cost for a production line only a few employees, while large market demand traders to take the place of collection. Therefore, after some time, the basis has invested more machinery to increase production to three times more than before but still not enough to supply the market.

Oil pressure at Company Donafoods. Photo: B. Original

Oil pressure at Company Donafoods. Photo: B. Original

Also said Learning, far production capacity of the company to nearly 10 thousand tons / year, up dozens of times over the establishment. This is your fuel source in many industrial fields, such as: the manufacture of paints, anti-rust, glue and powder friction brake motor, auto ... Export market more recently also expanded outside of China are also EU, Japan ... In particular, China imported a large number of wildlife from Vietnam about refined products for export with much higher economic value of crude oil, including: production of high quality adhesive materials, the premium paints, insulation materials, motherboard electronic products, powder in the manufacture of brake friction ...

* To attract investment in technology

Vietnam's wildlife sector is expanding attracting investment to apply modern technology in production. In fact, some companies have boldly buy chains for technology refined from crude wildlife many new products of high economic value, such as: oil cardanol, friction powder. Typical like Thao Nguyen Co. (Ba Ria - Vung Tau) invested millions of dollars for oil distillation technology cardanol from wildlife. This is the raw material needed for the manufacturing industry as important as anti-corrosion coating in mechanical engineering, manufacturing; producing advanced anti rust paint in the shipping industry. 

CASHEW NUT SHELL LIQUID

CASHEW NUT SHELL LIQUID or CNSL or Cashew Nut Oil or Cashew Shell Oil  or CNSL Oil  is a versatile by product of the Cashew industry. The nut has a shell of about 1/8 inch thickness inside which is a soft honey comb structure containing a dark reddish brown viscous liquid.  It is called CASHEW NUT SHELL LIQUID or CNSL. Which is the pericap fluid of the Cashew Nut.  It is often considered as the better and cheaper material for unsaturated phenols.

 CNSL has innumerable applications, such as friction linings, paints, laminating resins, rubber compounding resins, cashew cements, polyurethane based polymers, surfactants, epoxy resins, foundry chemicals, and intermediates for chemical industry.  It offers much scope and varied opportunities for the development of other tailor-made polymers.

 CNSL undergoes all the conventional reactions of phenols, CNSL aldehyde condensation products and CNSL based phenolic Resins are used in applications such as surface coatings, adhesives.  Various polyamines synthesised from CNSL are used s curing agents for epoxy resins.  CNSL and its derivatives have been used as antioxidants, plasticizers and processing aids for rubber compounds, modifiers for plastic materials and used to provide oxidative resistance sulphur-cured natural rubber products.  It is also added to rubber gum stock or nit rile  rubber to improve the processability, mechanical properties and resistance to crack and cut properties of the vulcanisates.

 A number of products based on CNSL are used as antioxidants, stabilisers and demulsifies for petroleum products.  Soluble metal derivatives of C.N.S.L are used to improve the resistance to oxidation and sludge formation of Lubricating oils.  Oxidised CNSL and its derivatives are also used as demulsifying agents for water in oil type petroleum  emulsions.

 CNSL or CASHEW NUT SHELL LIQUID OIL used for manufacturing of CNSL Resin, Cardanol  or Card Phenol or Cashew Phenol, Cashew Friction Dust, Anti corrosive hiring (lining) chemicals, Paints, Varnishes, Enamels, Insecticides and Fungicides, Cashew Laquers, Bakelite,  Electrical conductress, Cashew Cements, Core Oil, Red Oxide, Wood, Fuel, Speciality Chemicals, Foundry Chemicals and many other Industries.

 Cashew Nut Shell Liquid,  Specifications :

Specific Gravity 30⁰ C   : 0.950 - 0.970

Viscosity 30⁰ C in centipoises   : 200  max.

Moisture by weight     : 1.0

Matter insoluble in toluene weight   :1.0

Loss in weight on heating   : 2

Ash % by weight     : 1.0

Iodine Value :  (min.)

  a) Wij’s Method    : 250

  b) catalytic method    : 375  

Polymerization:

a)  Time in Minutes    :  4

We Offer good quality Cashew Nut Shell Liquid, Packing in 200 kg Drums/Barrels or Bulk Tank. 

Only Serious Buyers who wish to purchase Superior Quality, are requested to contact us.